History: Cultivation of Coffee outside Middle East
Cultivation of coffee trees outside of the Middle East began only at the start of the 17th century, Dutch merchants imported the first coffee plant into Holland from Mocha in 1616.
Coffee trees were cultivated in Ceylon in 1658 and in Java in 1696.
The plants of Coffea arabica imported from Arabia were destroyed by a flood but the cuttings imported in 1699 from Malabar into Java were the origin for all coffee trees of the East Indies as well as those of the botanical gardens of Amsterdam; from there they were eventually exported to most of the botanical gardens of Europe.
A first but unsuccessful planting took place in Dijon in 1670. In 1713, new attempts at transplanting coffee trees from Amsterdam to Paris were once again failures.
In 1714, the burgomaster of Amsterdam offered several coffee tree plants to King Louis XIV who entrusted them to Antoine de Jussieu, director of the botanical gardens.
These plants were the ancestors of coffee plants id the former French colonies and of part of Latin America.
History: Cultivation of Coffee outside Middle East
